Occupational stress is caused by a variety of factors that affect employees’ mental and physical well-being. These causes can be broadly categorized into the following:
1. Workload and Job Demands
- Excessive workload (too much work, tight deadlines)
- High job expectations and pressure
- Long working hours
- Lack of breaks and rest periods
2. Work Environment
- Poor physical conditions (noise, lighting, temperature)
- Unsafe or hazardous working conditions
- Lack of proper resources and equipment
3. Lack of Control
- Limited decision-making authority
- Micromanagement or excessive supervision
- Rigid policies and procedures
4. Role Ambiguity and Conflict
- Unclear job responsibilities and expectations
- Conflicting demands from supervisors or colleagues
- Frequent changes in job roles
5. Poor Work-Life Balance
- Difficulty in balancing personal and professional life
- Frequent overtime work
- Work-related stress spilling into personal life
6. Interpersonal Relationships and Workplace Culture
- Conflicts with colleagues or supervisors
- Workplace bullying or harassment
- Lack of support from management or peers
7. Job Insecurity and Career Concerns
- Fear of job loss due to layoffs or downsizing
- Lack of career growth opportunities
- Low salary and inadequate benefits
8. Organizational Changes
- Restructuring, mergers, or layoffs
- Frequent policy changes
- Uncertainty about the company’s future
9. Mismatch of Skills and Job Requirements
- Feeling overqualified or underqualified for the role
- Inadequate training or onboarding
- Struggling to meet job expectations
